Indonesia
|
Governors-general (of the Dutch East
India Company to 1801)
19 Dec 1610 - 6 Nov 1614
Pieter
Both
(b. 1568 - d. 1615)
6 Nov 1614 - 7 Dec
1615 Gerard
Reynst
(b. c.1568 - d. 1615)
19 Jun 1616 - 21 Mar 1619
Laurens
Reael
(b. 1583 - d. 1637)
30 Apr 1618 - 1 Feb 1623
Jan Pieterszoon Coen (1st time) (b.
1587 - d. 1629)
1 Feb 1623 - 30 Sep 1627
Pieter de
Carpentier
(b. 1586 - d. 1659)
30 Sep 1627 - 21 Sep 1629 Jan
Pieterszoon Coen (2nd time) (s.a.)
25 Sep 1629 - 27 Sep 1632
Jacques
Specx
(b. 1585 - d. 1652)
27 Sep 1632 - 1 Jan 1636
Hendrik
Brouwer
(b. 1581 - d. 1643)
1 Jan 1636 - 19 Apr 1645
Antonio van
Diemen
(b. 1593 - d. 1645)
19 Apr 1645 - 26 Apr 1650
Cornelis van der
Lijn
(b. 1608 - d. 1679)
26 Apr 1650 - 19 May 1653 Carel
Reyniersz
(b. 1604 - d. 1653)
19 May 1653 - 4 Jan 1678
Joan
Maetsuyker
(b. 1606 - d. 1678)
4 Jan 1678 - 25 Nov 1681
Rijcklof van
Goens
(b. 1619 - d. 1682)
25 Nov 1681 - 11 Jan 1684
Cornelis
Speelman
(b. 1628 - d. 1684)
11 Jan 1684 - 24 Nov 1691
Joannes
Camphuys
(b. 1634 - d. 1695)
24 Sep 1691 - 15 Aug 1704 Willem
van
Outhoorn
(b. 1635 - d. 1720)
15 Aug 1704 - 30 Oct 1709 Johan
van
Hoorn
(b. 1653 - d. 1711)
30 Oct 1709 - 17 Nov 1713
Abraham van
Riebeeck
(b. 1653 - d. 1713)
17 Nov 1713 - 12 Nov 1718
Christoffel van
Swoll
(b. 1668 - d. 1718)
13 Nov 1718 - 8 Jul 1725
Henricus
Zwaardecroon
(b. 1667 - d. 1728)
8 Jul 1725 - 1 Jun
1729 Matthaeus de
Haan
(b. 1663 - d. 1729)
1 Jun 1729 - 9 Oct
1731 Diederik
Durven
(b. 1676 - d. 1740)
28 May 1732 - 10 Mar 1735 Dirk
van
Cloon
(b. 1684 - d. 1735)
11 Mar 1735 - 3 May 1737
Abraham
Patras
(b. 1671 - d. 1737)
3 May 1737 - 6 Nov
1741 Adriaan
Valckenier
(b. 1695 - d. 1751)
6 Nov 1741 - 28 May 1743
Johannes Thedens
(acting)
(b. c.1680 - d. 1748)
28 May 1743 - 1 Nov 1750
Gustaaf Willem baron van Imhoff (b.
1705 - d. 1750)
1 Nov 1750 - 15 May 1761
Jacob Mossel (acting to
1752) (b. 1704 - d. 1761)
15 May 1761 - 28 Dec 1775 Petrus
Albertus van der Parra (b.
1714 - d. 1775)
28 Dec 1775 - 3 Oct 1777
Jeremias van
Riemsdijk
(b. 1712 - d. 1777)
4 Oct 1777 - 1 Sep
1780 Reinier de
Klerk
(b. 1710 - d. 1780)
(acting to 9 Oct 1778)
2 Sep 1780 - 16 Aug 1796
Willem Arnold
Alting
(b. 1724 - d. 1800)
16 Aug 1796 - 22 Aug 1801 Peter
Gerhardus van Overstraten (b. 1755 -
d. 1801)
22 Aug 1801 - 19 Oct 1804
Johannes Siberg (arrived Apr 1802) (b. 1740 - d. 1817)
19 Oct 1804 - 14 Jan 1808
Albertus Henricus
Wiese
(b. 1761 - d. 1810)
14 Jan 1808 - 16 May 1811 Herman
Willem
Daendels
(b. 1762 - d. 1818)
16 May 1811 - 18 Sep 1811 Jan
Willem
Janssens
(b. 1762 - d. 1838)
Lieutenant governors
9 Aug 1811 - Sep 1811
Rollo Gillespie
(b. 1766 - d.
1814)
(British commander)
Sep 1811 - Mar 1816
Thomas Stamford Bingley Raffles (b.
1781 - d. 1826)
Mar 1816 - Aug 1816
John Fendall, Jr.
(b. 1762 - d. 1825)
Commissioners-general
19 Aug 1816 - 16 Jan 1819 Cornelis
Theodorus
Elout
(b. 1767 - d. 1841)
+ Godert Alexander Gerard Philip
(b. 1778 - d. 1848)
van der
Capellen
+ Arnold Adriaan
Buyskes
(b. 1771 - d. 1838)
Governors-general
16 Jan 1819 - 1 Jan 1826
Godert Alexander Gerard Philip (s.a.)
(from 28 Apr 1822, baron) van der
Capellen
3 Feb 1826 - 16 Jan 1830
Leonard P.J. burggraaf Du Bis de (b. 1780 -
d. 1849)
Gisignies
4 Feb 1826 - 16 Jan 1830
Hendrik Merkus de
Kock
(b. 1779 - d. 1845)
(lieutenant governor [acting for de Gisignies])
16 Jan 1830 - 2 Jul 1833
Johannes van den
Bosch
(b. 1780 - d. 1844)
2 Jul 1833 - 29 Feb 1836
Jean Chrétien Baud
(acting) (b.
1789 - d. 1859)
29 Feb 1836 - 30 May 1840
Dominique Jacques de
Eerens (b.
1781 - d. 1840)
30 May 1840 - 6 Jan 1841
Carel Sirardus Willem
graaf (b. 1788
- d. 1856)
van Hogendorp (acting)
6 Jan 1841 - 2 Aug
1844 Pieter
Merkus
(b. 1787 - d. 1844)
(acting to 14 Feb 1843)
2 Aug 1844 - 30 Sep 1845
Jan Cornelis van Reijnst (acting) (b. 1798 - d.
1871)
30 Sep 1845 - 12 May 1851 Jan
Jacob
Rochussen
(b. 1797 - d. 1871)
15 May 1851 - 22 May 1856
Albertus Jacobus Duymaer van Twist (b. 1809 - d. 1887)
22 May 1856 - 2 Sep 1861
Charles Ferdinand
Pahud
(b. 1803 - d. 1873)
2 Sep 1861 - 19 Oct 1861
Ary Prins (1st time)
(acting) (b. 1816 - d.
1867)
19 Oct 1861 - 25 Oct 1866
Ludolph Anne Jan Wilt baron Sloet (b. 1806 - d.
1890)
van de Beele
25 Oct 1866 - 28 Dec 1866 Ary
Prins (2nd time) (acting)
(s.a.)
28 Dec 1866 - 1 Jan 1872
Pieter
Mijer
(b. 1812 - d. 1881)
1 Jan 1872 - 26 Mar 1875
James
Loudon
(b. 1824 - d. 1900)
26 Mar 1875 - 12 Apr 1881 Johan
Wilhelm van
Lansberge (b.
1830 - d. 1905)
12 Apr 1881 - 20 Jan 1884
Frederik
s"Jacob
(b. 1822 - d. 1901)
11 Apr 1884 - 29 Sep 1888 Otto
van
Rees
(b. 1823 - d. 1892)
29 Sep 1888 - 15 Jul 1893
Cornelis Pijnacker
Hordijk
(b. 1847 - d. 1908)
17 Oct 1893 - 3 Oct 1899
Carel Herman Aart van der Wijck (b.
1840 - d. 1914)
3 Oct 1899 - 1 Oct
1904 Willem
Rooseboom
(b. 1843 - d. 1920)
1 Oct 1904 - 18 Dec 1909
Joannes Benedictus van
Heutsz (b. 1851 - d. 1924)
18 Dec 1909 - 21 Mar 1916
Alexander Willem Frederik Idenburg (b. 1861 - d. 1935)
21 Mar 1916 - 24 Mar 1921 Johan
Paul graaf van
Limburg (b. 1873 -
d. 1948)
Stirum
24 Mar 1921 - 6 Sep 1926
Dirk
Fock
(b. 1858 - d. 1941)
7 Sep 1926 - 11 Sep 1931
Andries Cornelis Dirk de Graeff (b.
1872 - d. 1957)
12 Sep 1931 - 16 Sep 1936
Bonifacius Cornelis de
Jonge (b. 1875 - d.
1958)
16 Sep 1936 - 16 Oct 1945
Alidius Warmoldus Lambertus Tjarda (b. 1888 - d. 1978)
van Starkenbrogh Stachouwer
(8 Mar 1942 - Sep 1945, Japanese prisoner)
Japanese Military governors
- on Java (Commanders of Japanese
16th Army) -
8 Mar 1942 - 9 Nov
1942 Hitoshi
Imamura
(b. 1886 - d. 1968)
9 Nov 1942 - 7 Apr 1945
Kumakichi Harada
(b. 1888 - d.
1947)
7 Apr 1945 - 2 Sep
1945 Yuichiro Nagano
- on Sumatra (Commanders of Japanese 25th
Army)-
Mar 1942 - 1 Jul 1942
Tomoyuki
Yamashita
(b. 1888 - d. 1946)
1 Jul 1942 - 8 Apr 1943 Yaheita Saito
(b. 1885 - d. 1953)
8 Apr 1943 - 15 Aug 1945 Moritake Tanabe
(b. 1889 - d. 1949)
- on Dutch Borneo [Minami
Borneo], Moluccas, Bali and eastern islands
(Commanders of Southwest Area Fleet) -
10 Apr 1942 - 15 Sep 1942 Ibo Takahashi
(b. 1888 - d. 1947)
15 Sep 1942 - 18 Jun 1944 AShiro Takasu
(b. 1884 - d. 1944)
18 Jun 1944 - 1 Nov 1944 Gunichi Mikawa
(b. 1888 - d. 1981)
1 Nov 1944 - 15 Sep 1945 Denshichi Okawauchi
Borneo Allied Military governors
- Commanders of British Forces on
Java, Sumatra, Celebes, & islands east of Lombok
-
29 Sep 1945 - 30 Jan 1946 Sir Philip
Christison
(b. 1893 - d. 1993)
30 Jan 1946 - 19 Apr 1946 Sir Montagu
Stopford
(b. 1892 - d. 1971)
19 Apr 1946 - 30 Nov 1946 Eric Carden Robert
Mansergh (b.
1900 - d. 1970)
- Commander of Australian Forces on Bali,
Borneo, Dutch New Guinea, Moluccas,
& islands west of Lombok -
9 Sep 1945 - 1 Dec 1946 Sir Thomas A.
Blamey (Australia) (b. 1884 - d. 1951)
Commanding Officer, Netherlands Indies Civil
Administration (from Jan 1946,
Allied Military Administration-Civil Affairs Branch)
Sep 1945 - 20 Jun 1946
Hubertus Johannes van
Mook (b.
1894 - d. 1965)
Lieutenant Governor-general
8 Mar 1942 - 15 Oct 1948 Hubertus Johannes
van Mook
(s.a.)
(lieutenant governor [acting to 23 Feb 1945];
acting for Tjarda to 16 Oct 1945; in Brisbane,
Australia exile to 4 Oct 1945)
High Commissioners
29 Oct 1948 - 18 May 1949 Louis Joseph Maria
Beel
(b. 1902 - d. 1977)
18 May 1949 - 27 Dec 1949 Antonius Hermanus
Johannes Lovink (b. 1902 - d. 1995)
Presidents
17 Aug 1945 - 12 Mar 1967 Sukarno (Soekarno)
(b. 1901 - d. 1970) PNI
(arrested and exiled by Dutch 19 Dec 1948 - 6 Jul 1949)
22 Dec 1948 - 13 Jul 1949 Sjafruddin Prawiranegara
(b. 1911 -
d. 1989) PNI
(head of emergency government acting for Soekarno)
7 Aug 1949 - 4 Jun 1962 Sekarmadji
Maridjan Kartosoewirjo (b. 1905 - d. 1962)
(imam of
Islamic State of Indonesia, in rebellion)
27 Dec 1949 - 17 Aug 1950 Assaat Datuk Mudo
(b. 1904 - d. 1976) Non-party
(acting
president of Republic of Indonesia)
15 Feb 1958 - 25 Aug 1961 Sjafruddin Prawiranegara
(s.a.)
Mas
(head of provisional government, in rebellion; from
8 Feb 1960, president of United Republic of Indonesia)
12 Mar 1967 - 21 May 1998 Suharto (Soeharto)
(b. 1921 - d. 2008) Golkar
(from 1991 sometimes unofficially, Haji Muhammad
Suharto)
(acting to 27 Mar 1968)
21 May 1998 - 20 Oct 1999 Bacharuddin Jusuf
("B.J.") Habibie (b.
1936)
Golkar
20 Oct 1999 - 23 Jul 2001 Abdurrahman Wahid "Gus
Dur" (b. 1940
- d. 2009) PKB
23 Jul 2001 - 20 Oct 2004 Dyah Permata Megawati
Setyawati (b.
1947)
PDI-P
Sukarnoputri (f)
20 Oct 2004 - 20 Oct 2014 Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono
(b.
1949)
PD
20 Oct 2014 -
Joko Widodo
(b. 1961) PDI-P
Director of the Cabinet of the Governor-general
1 Sep 1940 - Mar
1942 Petrus Johannes Abram
Idenburg (b. 1896 - d. 1976)
Non-party
(1st time)
Sep 1945 - Sep 1946
Petrus Johannes Abram Idenburg
(s.a.)
Non-party
(2nd time)
Prime ministers
14 Nov 1945 - 20 Jun 1947 Sutan
Sjahrir
(b. 1909 - d. 1966) PSI
3 Jul 1947 - 29 Jan 1948
Amir
Sjarifoeddin
(b. 1903 - d. 1948) PSI
29 Jan 1948 - 16 Jan 1950
Muhammad
Hatta
(b. 1902 - d. 1980) Non-party
(Dutch prisoner 19 Dec 1948 - 13 Jul 1949)
19 Dec 1948 - 13 Jul 1949
Susanto Tirtoprodjo
(b. 1900 - d. 1969) Non-party
(acting for Hatta)
16 Jan 1950 - 5 Sep 1950 Abdul
Halim
(b. 1911 - d. 1988) Non-party
5 Sep 1950 - 27 Apr 1951
Muhammad
Natsir
(b. 1908 - d. 1993) Mas
27 Apr 1951 - 1 Apr 1952
Sukiman
Wirjosandjojo
(b. 1898 - d. 1974) Mas
1 Apr 1952 - 30 Jul 1953
Wilopo
(b. 1908 - d. 1981) PNI
30 Jul 1953 - 11 Aug 1955 Ali
Sastroamidjojo (1st time)
(b. 1903 - d. 1975) PNI
11 Aug 1955 - 20 Mar 1956
Burhanuddin
Harahap
(b. 1917 - d. 1987) Mas
20 Mar 1956 - 9 Apr 1957
Ali Sastroamidjojo (2nd
time)
(s.a.)
PNI
9 Apr 1957 - 9 Jul 1959
Djuanda Kartawidjaja
(b. 1911 - d.
1963) PNI
First minister
9 Jul 1959 - 7 Nov 1963 Djuanda
Kartawidjaja
(s.a.)
PNI
Territorial Disputes: Indonesia
has a stated foreign policy objective of establishing
stable fixed land and maritime boundaries with all of its
neighbors; three stretches of land borders with
Timor-Leste have yet to be delimited, two of which are in
the Oecussi exclave area, and no maritime or Exclusive
Economic Zone (EEZ) boundaries have been established
between the countries; many refugees from Timor-Leste who
left in 2003 still reside in Indonesia and refuse
repatriation; all borders between Indonesia and Australia
have been agreed upon bilaterally, but a 1997 treaty that
would settle the last of their maritime and EEZ boundary
has yet to be ratified by Indonesia"s legislature;
Indonesian groups challenge Australia"s claim to Ashmore
Reef; Australia has closed parts of the Ashmore and
Cartier Reserve to Indonesian traditional fishing and
placed restrictions on certain catches; land and maritime
negotiations with Malaysia are ongoing, and disputed areas
include the controversial Tanjung Datu and Camar Wulan
border area in Borneo and the maritime boundary in the
Ambalat oil block in the Celebes Sea; Indonesia and
Singapore continue to work on finalizing their 1973
maritime boundary agreement by defining unresolved areas
north of Indonesia"s Batam Island; Indonesian
secessionists, squatters, and illegal migrants create
repatriation problems for Papua New Guinea; maritime
delimitation talks continue with Palau; EEZ negotiations
with Vietnam are ongoing, and the two countries in Fall
2011 agreed to work together to reduce illegal fishing
along their maritime boundary.
Party abbreviations: Golkar
= Partai Golongan Karya (Party of the
Functional Groups, conservative liberal, Pancasila,
only legal party 1967-1998, est.1964); PD
= Partai Demokrat (Democrat Party,
conservative, Pancasila, est.2001); PDI-P
= Partai Demokrasi Indonesia Perjuangan (Indonesian
Democratic Party – Struggle, liberal socialist, liberal
conservative, Pancasila, populist, est.1998);
PKB = Partai Kebangkitan Bangsa
(National Awakening Party, moderate islamist,
conservative, Pancasila, est.1999);
PNI = Partai Nasional
Indonesia (Indonesian National Party, nationalist,
secular, ruling party 1959-1967, 1927-1931,
1945, 1946-1973, merged into PDI, re-est.1997);
Mil = Military;
- Former parties: Mas
= Partai Majelis Syuro Muslimin Indonesia (Council of
Indonesian Muslim Associations, islamist, 1945-1960);
PSI = Partai Sosialis Indonesia
(Socialist Party of Indonesia, socialist, 1948-1960)
Bantam
![[Union flag of 1606]](http://www.worldstatesmen.org/gb-1606.gif)
1603
English station established by East India Company.
Mar
1609
Station becomes a Factory.
1617
Presidency of Bantam
1621 -
1628
Expelled by the Dutch, government at Batavia.
1630 -
1634
Subordinated to Surat (see India).
1634 -
1652
Presidency of Bantam
1652
Bantam Agency
Aug
1682
English expelled by the Dutch.
Chiefs
1603
William Starkey
1605
Edmund Scott
1605 - 1608
Gabriel Towerson
(d.
1623)
1608
John Saris
1609
Augustin Spalding
(1st time)
1609
Thomas Emsworth
1610
Edward Neetles
1610
Richard Woodies
1613
Augustin Spalding (2nd time)
1613
George Chauncey
1613
Edmund Camden
1613
John
Jourdain
(d. 1619)
1613
Robert Larkin
1613
George Ball
Chief factors
1613 - 1615
John Jourdain (1st time)
(s.a.)
1615
Thomas Elkington
(d. 1616)
1615 -
1616
John Jourdain (2nd time)
(s.a.)
1616 -
1617
George Berkeley
(d. 1617)
Presidents
Mar 1617 - 19 Nov 1618
George Ball
19 Nov 1618 - 17 Jul
1619 John
Jourdain
(s.a.)
Jul 1619 - 1619
John Powell (acting)
1619 - 1620
Gabriel Towerson (acting)
(s.a.)
1620
Thomas Brockedon (1st time)
(at Batavia)
1620 - 16 Oct 1623
Richard Fursland (at Batavia)
(d. 1623)
1623 -
1625
Thomas Brockedon (2nd time)
(at Batavia)
1625 -
1628
Henry Hawley
(at Batavia to 1628)
1628 -
1629
Richard Bix
1629 -
1630
George Muschamp (1st time)
Agents
1630 -
1631
George Willoughby
1631 -
1632
William Hoare
1632 -
1633
Thomas Woodson
1633 -
1634
John Ling
Presidents
1634 -
1636
George Willoughby
1636 -
1637
Robert Coulson
1637 -
1638
William Johnson
1638 -
1639
Gerald Pinson
1639 -
1640
George Muschamp (2nd time)
1640 -
1643
Aaron Baker (1st time)
(b. 1620 - d. 1683)
1643 -
1645
Ralph Cartwright
1645 -
1649
Aaron Baker (2nd time)
(s.a.)
1649 -
1650
Thomas Peniston
1650 -
1652
Aaron Baker (3rd time)
(s.a.)
Agents
1652 -
1658
Frederick Skinner
1658 - 25 Jul
1661
John Edwards
Jul - 20 Oct 1661
Henry Page
1661 -
1664
John Hunter
Jun 1664 - 25 Oct 1665 Charles
Browne
1665 - Oct 1669
William Turner
19 Oct 1669 - Jul 1676
Henry Dacres
Jul 1676 - Apr/May 1677
Arnold White
Apr/May 1677 - 8 Jun 1678 Abel
Payne
8 Jun 1678 -
1681 Robert
Parker
1681 - Aug
1682
Nicholas Waite
Bencoolen (Benkulen)
![[Flag of the United Kingdom]](http://www.worldstatesmen.org/gb.gif)
1685
British rule (Fort York); under the East India Company.
1685 -
1760
Subordinated to Madras (see India).
1714
Renamed Fort Marlborough.
1760
British Presidency of Bencoolen.
3 Apr 1760 - Feb 1762
French and Dutch occupation.
1785 -
1825
Subordinated to Bengal (see India).
1 Mar
1825
Part of Netherlands East Indies.
Deputy governors
1685
Ralph Ord
(d.
1687)
1685 -
1690
Benjamin Bloom
1690 -
1691
James Sowdon
1691 -
1695
Charles Fleetwood
(d. 1707/08)
1695 -
1696
Charles Barwell
1696 -
1699
Matthew Mildmay
1699 -
1700
Robert Broughton
1700 - 17 Dec
1705
Richard
Watts
(d. 1705)
1705 -
1708
Matthew Ridley
1708
James Cross
1708
Abraham Hoyle
1708
John Delapie
1708 -
1710
Robert Skingle
1710
Jeremiah Harrison -Supervisor
1710 -
1711
Anthony Ettricke
1711 -
1712
John Daniell
1712
John Hunter
1712 -
1716
Joseph
Collett
(b. 1673 - d. 1725)
1716 -
1717
Theophilus Shyllinge
1717 -
1718
Richard Farmer
1718 -
1719
Thomas Cooke -Supervisor
1719 - 1723
Isaac Pyke
(d. 1738)
1723
Thomas Dunster
1723 -
1728
Joseph Walsh
1728 -
1730
Nicholas Morse
(b. 1700 - d. 1772)
1730 -
1731
Stephen Newcome
(b. 1690 - d. 1732)
1731 -
1736
Francis Everest
(d. 1736)
1736 -
1746
Robert Lennox
(d.
1775)
1746 -
1752
Joseph Hurlock
(b.
c.1715 - d. 1793)
1752 -
1754
Robert Hindley
1754 -
1755
John Walsh -Supervisor
1755 -
1757
John Pybus
(b. 1727/28 -
d. 1789)
1757 -
1758
Randolph Marriott
1758 - 2 Apr
1760
Roger Carter
2 Apr 1760 - 1760
Charles
Hector,
comte
(b. 1729 - d. 1794)
d"Estaing -French Commander
Governors
Feb 1762 - Jul
1762 Samuel
Ardley (acting)
Jul 1762 -
1767
Roger Carter
1767 -
1776
Richard Wyatt
1776
Robert Hay
(b. 1731 - d.
1807)
1776 -
1780
William Broff
(b. 17.. - d.
1780)
1780 -
1781
Hew Steuart
1781 -
1785
Edward Coles
Deputy governors
1785 -
1786
John Crisp (1st time)
1786 -
1787
Thomas Palmer
1787 -
1789
George Salmon -Supervisor
1789 -
1793
John Crisp (2nd time)
1793 -
1799
Robert Broff
(b. 1752 - d.
1822)
1799
John Crisp (3rd time)
1799 -
1800
Philip Braham (acting)
1800 -
1805
Walter Ewer
Residents
Apr 1805 - 23 Dec
1807 Thomas Parr
(b. 1768? - d. 1807)
1808 -
1810
Richard
Parry
(b. 1776 - d. 1817)
1810 -
1812
William Parker
1812 - 22 Mar
1818
George John Siddons
(b. 1785 - d. 1848)
Lieutenant governor
22 Mar 1818 -
1824
Thomas Stamford Bingley Raffles (b.
1781 - d. 1826)
Resident
1824 - 1 Mar
1825
John Prince
(b. 1772? - d.
1848)
Netherlands New Guinea
Map of West Papua | Hear National Anthem "Hai Tanahku Papua" (O My Country, Papua) | Text of National Anthem (1 Dec 1961 - 1 Oct 1962,Region anthem from 2003) | Constitution (None) |
Capital: Jayapura (Hollandia 1945 - 10 Jan 1962;Kotabaru 10 Jan 1962 -1 May 1963; Sukarnopura1 May 1963 - 1968) | Currency: 1963-1971 Irian Barat Rupiah (IDIR); 1950-1963 Netherlands New Guinea Guilder (NNGG) | National Holiday: 1 Dec (1961) National Day | Population: 730,000 (1962) |
GDP: $NA (1962) | Exports: $147 million (1962) Imports: $167 million (1962) | Ethnic groups: Papuan, Javanese, Melanesian | Religions: Protestant, Roman Catholic, Muslin, Hindu, Buddhist, traditional beliefs |
| International Organizations/Treaties 1949-1963: UPU, WMO; from 1975: UNPO (suspended) |
Spanish discover New Guinea, naming it Nueva
Guinea.
1660
Dutch East India Company recognizes the sovereignty of
the Sultan of Tidore over the "Papuan islands in
general"
but with exclusive Dutch trading rights.
1793 - Apr
1795
First European settlement, Fort Coronation, founded at
Doreri Bay
by Britain.
24 Aug
1828
Western New Guinea claimed as part of Netherlands East
Indies
(Netherlands New Guinea [Nederlands-Nieuw-Guinea]).
1884
Partition of New Guinea agreed by Netherlands, UK, and
Germany
along the 141st meridian.
15 Apr 1942 - Aug
1945 Northern Dutch New Guinea
areas occupied by Japan (in Hollandia
to 22 Apr 1944).
29 Dec
1949
Netherlands New Guinea a separate colony.
16 Aug
1956
Claimed by Indonesia which begins to appoint governors
based in Tiodre.
1 Dec 1961
New
Guinea Council (Nieuw-Guinea Raad) legislature
inaugurated.
1 Dec
1961
New Guinea Council adopts the name West Papua, an anthem
& flag.
15 Aug
1962
Netherlands and Indonesia sign transfer agreement
on territory of
West New
Guinea (West Irian).
1 Oct
1962
UN Administration (United Nations Temporary Executive
Authority [UNTEA]) replaces Dutch administration.
1 May
1963
Part of Indonesia (see Irian Barat under
Indonesia
provinces).
28 Jul
1965
"Free Papua Movement" (Organisasi Papua
Merdeka [OPM]) founded.
2 Aug
1969
Referendum endorses Indonesian rule.
17 Sep
1969
Formally incorporated into Indonesia (Irian Barat
province).
1
Jul 1971
Separatists proclaim independence as "Republic of West
Papua"
with no effect.
1 Mar
1973
Renamed Irain Jaya.
1 Jan
2000
Renamed Papua.
19 Oct 2011
Separatists proclaim
independence as "Federal Republic of West
Papua"
with no effect.
Japanese Commanders
Apr 1942 -
1942
Fujita Ruitaro
(b. 1887 - d. 1947)
22 Dec 1942 - 15 Oct 1943 Nobumasa Tominaga
(b. 1888 - d. 1943)
15 Oct 1943 - 1 Mar 1945
Kenzo Kitano
(b. 1889 - d. 1960)
Mar 1945 - 9 Aug
1945 Fusataro
Teshima
(b. 1889 - d.
1979)
Dutch Senior Officer of Netherlands Indies
Civil Affairs
Oct 1944 - Aug
1945 Raden
Abdulkadir Widjojoatmodjo (b. 1904 - d.
1992)
Resident
Aug 1945 - 29 Dec 1949
Jan Pieter Karel van Eechoud
(b. 1904 - d. 1958)
Governors
29 Dec 1949 - 8 Feb 1950 Jan Pieter
Karel van Eechoud
(s.a.)
(acting)
8 Feb 1950 - 24 Apr
1953 Simon Lodewijk Johan
van
(b. 1900 - d. 1975)
Waardenburg
24 Apr 1953 - 31 Mar 1958 Jan van
Baal
(b. 1909 - d. 1992)
31 Mar 1958 - 1 May 1958 Jan
Christoffel Baarspul (acting) (b. 1910 - d.
1988)
1 May 1958 - 28 Sep
1962 Pieter Johannes
Platteel
(b. 1911 - d. 1978)
28 Sep 1962 - 1 Oct 1962 Henk
Veldkamp (acting)
United Nations Administrators
1 Oct 1962 - 15 Nov
1962 José Rölz Bennett (Guatemala)
(b. 1918 - d. 1972)
(acting)
15 Nov 1962 - 1 May 1963 Djalal
Abdoh
(Iran)
(b. 1910 - d. 1992)
Vice-Chairmen of the New Guinea
(from 1 Dec 1961, West Papua) Council
5 Apr 1961 - 1962
Nicolaas
Jouwe
(b. 1923 - d. 2017)
1962 - Dec
1962
Markus Wonggor Kaisiëpo
(b. 1913 - d. 2000)
Chairman of the Board of
Delegates
23 Apr 1963 - 1 May 1963 Thontje
Meset
West Papua in Exile
Governments
President of West Papua Provisional
Government
197. - 12 Oct 2010
Seth Jafeth
Rumkorem
(b. 1933 - d. 2010) OPM
Chairmen of the Papua Presidium
Council
1 Dec 1999 - 10 Nov 2001 Theys Hiyo
Eluay
(b. 1937 - d. 2001) PDP
Nov 2001 - 20..
Tom Beanal (interim)
(b. 1951?)
President-Elect of National Republic of West
Papua
19 Oct 2011
-
Forkorus Yaboisembut
(b. 1955)
(Indonesian prisoner from 19 Oct 2011)
South
Moluccas
![[Flag of the South Moluccas]](http://www.worldstatesmen.org/id-rms.gif)
Adopted 2 May 1950
25 Apr
1950
Republic of South Moluccas (Republik Maluku
Selatan) proclaimed
(Amboina, Buru, Ceram and adjoining islands).
28 Sep
1950
Government moved to Ceram Island.
Nov
1950
Indonesian forces occupy Ambon.
17 Oct
1952
Extinguished by Indonesia.
Presidents
25 Apr 1950 - 3 May 1950 Johanes
Herman Manuhutu (acting) (b.
1908 - d. 1984)
3 May 1950 - 17 Oct
1952 Christopel Robert Stephen Soumokil (b.
1905 - d. 1966)
(in
hiding on Ceram from Dec 1950)
Prime minister
25 Apr 1950 - 30 Oct 1950 Albert
Wairisal
(b. 1909 - d. 1990)
Republic
of South Moluccas in Exile
Presidents
17 Oct 1952 - 12 Apr 1966 Christopel Robert
Stephen Soumokil (s.a.)
(Indonesian prisoner from 2 Dec 1962)
1966 - 10 Apr 1993
Johannes Alvarez
Manusama
(b. 1910 - d. 1995)
(in Netherlands exile)
10 Apr 1993 - 17 Apr 2010 Frans Lodewijk
Johannis Tutuhatunewa (b. 1923 - d. 2016)
(in Netherlands exile)
17 Apr 2010
-
John
Wattilete
(b. 1955)
(in Netherlands exile)
Spice Islands
1522 - 15 Jul
1575
Portuguese settlements on Ternate Island.
6 Jan 1578 - May
1605 Portuguese colony on Tidore
Island.
May
1605
Dutch seize Portuguese Tidore
settlements.
Apr 1606 - 2 May
1663 Spanish
colony on Tidore and Gammalamma, Forts Peter
and Paul
on Ternate.
Jun
1607
Dutch build Fort Malayu (renamed Fort Oranje 1609) on
Ternate.
1610 -
1619
Ternate (alternating with Ambon) is the seat of the
governors-general of the Dutch
East Indies.
21 Jun 1801 - 1803
British occupy the Moluccas
1810 -
1817
British occupy the Moluccas.
Mar 1942 - Sep 1945
Japanese occupy Moluccas, Timor
with all islands of east,
administered by the Navy at Makassar.
Moluccas
Portuguese Captains (at Ternate)
1522 -
1525
Antonio de Brito
1525 -
1527
Garcia Henriques
1527 -
1530
Jorge de Meneses
1530 -
1531
Gonçalo Pereira
(d. 1531)
1531 -
1534
Vicente da Fonseca
1534 -
1536
Tristão de Ataide
1536 -
1540
Antonio Galvão
1540 -
1544
Jorge de Castro
1544 - 1547
Jordão de Freitas
1547 -
1549
Bernaldim de Sousa (1st time)
Oct 1549 - Oct
1550 Cristovão
de Sa
1550 -
1552
Bernaldim de Sousa (2nd time)
1552 - Feb
1554
Francisco Lopes de Sousa
(d. 1554)
Feb 1554 - Nov
1555 Cristovão
de Sa (2nd time)
1555 - Dec
1558
Duarte d"Eça
Dec 1558 - Oct
1560 António
Pereira Brandão (acting)
Oct 1560 - 1561
Manoel de Vasconcellos
(d. 1561)
1561 - Mar 1562
Bastião Machado (acting)
Mar 1562 -
1564
Henrique de Sa
1564 - 1566
Alvaro de Mendonça
1566 -
1571
Diogo Lopes de Mesquita
1571 - Dec
1574
Alfaro de Ataide
Dec 1574 - 28 Dec 1575
Nuno Pereira de Lacerda
Portuguese Captains-major
1575 - 1578
Sancho de Vasconcellos
(d. 1599)
1578 - Oct 1582
Diogo de Azambuja (1st time)
Oct 1582 - Dec 1582
Alvaro de
Castro
(d. 1582)
Dec 1582 - Jan 1586
Diogo de Azambuja (2nd time)
Jan 1586 - 1589
Duarte Pereire de Sampaio
1589 - 1592
Rui Dias da Cunha
1592 -
1595
Tristão de Sousa
1595 - 20 Nov 1598
Julião de Noronha
20 Nov 1598 - 1601
Rui Gonçalves de Sequeira
1601 - 1603
Manuel de Melo
1603
André
Furtado de Mendonça
(b. 1558 - d. 1610)
1603 - 19 May 1605
Pedro Alvares de
Abreu
(d. 1624)
Spanish Governors
1606 - 1609
Juan de Esquivel
1609 - 1610
Lucas de Vergara Gaviria (1st time)
(acting)
1610 - 1612
Cristobál de Azcueata
Menchaca
(acting)
1612 - 1617
Jerónimo de Silva
1617 - 1620
Lucas de Vergara Gaviria (2nd time)
1620 - 1623
Luis de Bracamonte (acting)
1623 - 1636
Pedro de Heredia
1636 - 1640
Pedro Muñoz de Carmona y
Mendiola (acting)
1640 - 1642
Francesco Suárez de Figueroa
1642 - 1643
Pedro Fernández del Rio (1st time)
(acting)
1643 - 1652
Lorenzo de Olaso Achotegui
1652
Pedro
Fernández del Rio (2nd time)
1652 - 1656
Francesco de Esteybar (1st time)
1656 - 1658
Diego Sarria Lascano
1658 - 1659
Francesco de Esteybar (2nd time)
1659 - 1660
Francesco de Atienza Ibañez
(1st time)
1660 - 1661
Juan de Chaves
1661 - 1663
Agustín de Cepeda Carnacedo
1663
Francesco de Atienza Ibañez
(2nd time)
Dutch Governors
(Landvoogden
der Molukken)(at Ternate)
1599 - c.1602
Frank van der Does
Jan 1601 - 160.
Jan Pieterszen Snyer (or Suyer)
(chief factor)
c.Sep 1602 -
1604?
Christiaen Adriaenszoon den Dorst
(factor)
1604? - Apr
1605
Anthonio van Suylen van Nyevelt (d.
1605)
(acting)
Jul 1605 - Mar 1606
Adriaan Antoniszen
1607 - 1608?
Gerrit Gerritszen van
der Buis
+ Pieter
Janszen Boenen (factor)
Jul? 1608 -
1610?
Adriaan Wouterszoon Stoop
1/6 Jun 1610 -
1612 Paulus van
Caerden
(b. c.1569 - d. 1615/16)
1612 - 1616
Pieter Both
1616 - 1621
Laurens Reaal
1621 - 1623
Frederik Houtman
1623 - 1627
Jacques le Fèbre
1627 - 1629
Gilles van Zeijst
1629 -
1633
Gijsbert van Lodestein
1633 -
1635
Johan Ottens
1635 -
1640
Jan van Broekom
1640 -
1642
Anthonij Caen
1642 -
1648
Wouter Seroijen
1648 -
1653
Gaspar van den
Bogaerde
(b. 1604 - d. 1668)
1653 -
1656
Jacob Hustaerdt
1656 -
1662
Simon Cos
1662 -
1667
Anthonij van Voorst
1667 -
1669
Maximilian de Jong
1669 - 1672
Abraham Verspreet
(b. 1588 - d. 1694)
1672 - 1675
Cornelis Franks
1675 - 1676
Willem Korput
1676 - 1677
Willem
Harthouwer
1677 -
1682
Robert Padtbrugge
(b. 1638 - d. 1703)
1682 -
1686
Jacob Lobs
1686 -
1689
Johan Henrik Thim
1689 - 1692
Johannes Cops
1692 -
1696
Cornelis van der Duin
1696 - 1701
Salomon Le Sage
1701 -
1706
Pieter Rooselaar
(b. 1660 - d. 1716)
1706 -
1710
Jacob Claaszoon
1710 - 1715
David van Petersom
1715 -
1720
Jacob Bottendorp
1720 -
1723
Anthonij Heinsius
1723 -
1724
Jacob Cloeck
1724 -
1728
Johan Happon
1728 -
1731
Jacob Christiaen Pielat
(b. 1692 - d. 1470)
1731 - 1735
Elias de Haeze
1735 - 1737
Paulus Rouwenhoff
1737 - 1739
Martinus Storm
1739 -
1744
Marten Lelievelt
1744 - 1748
Gerrard van Brandwijk van Blokland (b. 1695 - d. 1755)
30 Sep 1748 - 16 Dec 1755 Johan
Elias van
Mylendonk
(b. 1693 - d. 1775)
1755 -
1758
Abraham Abeleven
(b. 1714 - d. 1776)
1758 -
1766
Jacob van Schoonderwoert
1766 -
1767
Hendrik Breton
(d. 1780)
1767 -
1771
Hermanus Munnik
1771 -
1778
Paulus Jacob Valkckenaer
1778 -
1780
Jacob Roeland Thomaszen
(b. 1736 - d. 1780)
1780 -
1793
Alexander Cornabé
(b.
c.1737 - d. 1813)
1793 - 1795
Johannes Ekenholm
1795 -
1799
Johan Godfried Budach
(b. 1750 - d. 1800)
13 Sep 1799 - 1803
Willem Jacob Cranssen
(b. 1762 - d.
1821)
21 Jun 1801 - 1801
K.T. Farquhar
-British Resident
1801 -
1803
H. Webber -British Resident
1803 -
1804
Petrus Adrianus Goldbach
(d. 1815)
1804 -
1809
Carel Lodewijk Wieling
(b. 1775 - d. 1809)
1809 -
1810
R. Coop à Groen -Commissioner
1809 -
1810
Johan P. von Mittmann
(civil and military governor)
British Residents in the Moluccas
1809 - Dec 1811
S. Kelly (military
commander) (d. 1811)
1810 -
1811
Edward Tucker (military commander) (b.
1777 - d. 1864)
1811
Forbes (military commander)
1811 -
1813
W. Ewer
Dec 1811 - Apr
1817 Thomas
Ramsay (military commander) (b. 1786
- d. 1857)
1813 -
1815
W.G. Mackenzie (1st time)
1815 -
1816
Robert Stuart
1816 - 20 Apr
1817
W.Graham Mackenzie (2nd time)
Japanese Civil Administrators in
Sulawesi
Jul 1942 - Mar 1944
Okada Fumihide
(b. 1892 - d. 1989)
Mar 1944 -
c.1944
Iwao Yamazaki
(b. 1894 - d. 1968)
Ambon (Amboina)
25 Mar 1576 - 23 Feb 1605 Portuguese
settlements on Ambon Island.
1600
First Dutch garrison in Kaitetu near Hila on Ambon.
22 Feb
1605
Second Dutch second Ambon expedition the fort on Hila
bay built
by the Portuguese in 1575 is renamed Fort Victoria.
1611 -
1619
Ambon (alternating with Ternate) is the seat of the
governor-
general of the Dutch East Indies (from 1619 at Batavia).
1637
Fort Amsterdam built in Hila Bay on Ambon.
17 Feb 1796 - 1 Mar 1802 British
occupation.
19 Feb 1810 - 25 Mar 1817 British
occupation.
Portuguese Captains
1562 - bf.Apr 1564
Antonio Pais
(d. 1564)
1565 – Mar 1571
Gonçalo Pereira Marramaque
(d. 1571)
1571
Duarte de Meneses
1572 - 1591
Sancho de Vasconcelos
(d. 1599)
1592 - 1596
Antonio Pereira Pinto
1596/97 -
1599
João Caiado de Gamboa
2 Mar 1599 -
1602
Estevão Teixeira de Macedo
1602 - 1605
Gaspar de Melo
Dutch Governors (Landvoogden
van Ambon)
1605 -
1611
Frederik de Houtman
(b. 1571 - d. 1627)
1611 -
1615
Caspar Janszoon
1615 - 1616
Adriaan Block Maertenszoon
(b. c.1582 - d.
1661)
1616 -
1618
Steven van der
Hagen
(b. 1563 - d. 1621)
1618 -
1625
Herman van
Speult
(d. 1626)
1625 -
1628
Jan van Gorcum
1628 -
1631
Philip Lucaszoon
1631 -
1634
Artus Gysels (Gijsels)
1634 -
1635
Anthonio van den Heuvel
1635 -
1637
Jochum Roelofszoon van Deutecom
1637 -
1641
Johan Ottens
1641 - 1642
Simon Jacobszoon
Dompkens (acting)
1642
Anthonio Caan (acting)
1642 -
1647
Gerard Demmer
1647 - 1650
Arnout de Vlamingh van
Oudtshoorn (b. 1618 - d.
1662)
(Vlaming van Oudshoorn)
1650 - 1651
Simon Cos (1st time) (acting)
(d. 1664?)
1651 -
1654
Willem Verbeek
1654 -
1656
Simon Cos (2nd time) (acting)
(s.a.)
1656 -
1662
Jacob Hustaerdt
1662 -
1664
Simon Cos (3rd
time)
(s.a.)
1664
Maximiliaan de Jong (1st time)(acting)
1664 -
1665
Johan van Dam
1665 - 1666
Maximiliaan de Jong (2nd time)(acting)
1666 -
1667
Pieter de Marville
1667 -
1669
Anthonio Hurdt (1st time)(acting)
1669 -
1672
Jacob Cops
1672 -
1678
Anthonio Hurdt (2nd time)
1678 -
1682
Robert de Vicq
1682 - 1683
Jeremias van
Vliet (acting)
1683 -
1687
Robert Padtbrugge
(b. 1638
- d. 1703)
1687 -
1691
Dirk de Haas
1691 -
1696
Nicolaas Schaghen
1696 - 1697
Cornelis Stull
(acting)
1697 -
1701
Willem van Wijngaarden
1701 -
1706
Balthasar
Coyett
(b. c.1650 - d. 1725)
1706 -
1720
Simon van der Stel
(b. 1639 - d.
1712)
1720 -
1721
Rochus Hollaar (acting)
1721 -
1725
Pieter Gabrij
1725 -
1727
Stephanus Versluys
(b. 1694 - d. 1736)
1727 -
1733
Johannes Bernard
1733 -
1738
David Johan Bake
1738 -
1743
Jacob de Jong
1743 -
1748
Nathaniël Steinmetz
1748 -
1750
Cornelis Rosenboom
1750 -
1752
Nicolaas Jongsma
1752
Goderd Ludolf van Beusechem
(1st time)(acting)
1752 -
1757
Gerard Cluysenaar
1757 -
1763
Meyert Johan van
Idsinga
(b. 1716 - d. 1763)
1763
Goderd Ludolf van Beusechem
(2nd time)(acting)
1763 -
1764
Josias Alexander de Villeneuve
(acting)
1764 - 30 Sep
1767
Willem Fockens
(d. 1780)
1767 -
1770
Hendrik
Breton
(b. 1722 - d. 1792)
1770 -
1775
Johan Abraham van der Voort
1775 -
1785
Bernardus van
Pleuren
(b. 1735 - d. 1786)
1785 -
1788
Adriaan de Bock
1788 -
1794
Johan Adam Schilling
1794
Balthasar Smissaerd (acting)
(b. 1747 - d. 1813)
1794 -
1796
Alexander Cornabé
(b. c.1737 - d. 1813)
17 Feb 1796 - Dec 1796
Peter Rainier -British
commander (b. 1741 -
d. 1808)
Dec 1796 - 1 Feb
1799 William Jones -British
Resident
1 Feb 1799 - 16 Jan 1802
Robert T. Farquhar -British Resident
(b. 1776 - d. 1830)
16 Jan 1802 - 4 Mar 1803
James Oliver -British Resident
1803 -
1804
Carel Lodewijk
Wieling
(b. 1775 - d. 1809)
1804 -
1808
Willem Jacob Cranssen
(b. 1762 - d.
1821)
1808 - Mar
1809
C. Eugenius von Jelt
Mar 1809 - 19 Feb
1810 Jean-Philippe-François
Filz
(b. 1771 - d. 1810)
British Governors of Ambon
19 Feb 1810 - Jun 1810 Edward
Tucker
(b. 1777 - d.
1864)
Jun 1810 - Feb
1811 M.H.
Court
1811 - 25 Mar
1817
William Byam Martin
(b. 1781 - d. 1869)
Banda Islands
1512
Discovered and annexed for the Portuguese by Antonio
d"Abreu.
17th
cent.
Portuguese expelled by the Dutch.
1608
English build a factory on Wai, which is demolished by
the
Dutch as soon as the English vessel left.
23 Dec
1616
English occupy the Banda Island of Run.
6 Jul
1621
Dutch Governor-general John Pieterszoon Coen takes Banda
Islands.
21 Jul
1667
England formally cedes claim to the Dutch, by Treaty of
Breda.
7 Feb 1796 -
1800
British occupation.
9 Aug
1810
British seize Dutch Fort Belgica, on Neira, gaining
control
of Banda Islands.
2 Apr
1817
Islands are restored to the Dutch.
Commander
23 Dec 1616 - 20? Oct 1620 Nathaniel
Courthope
(b. 1585 - d. 1620)
British Deputy Residents
(subordinated to the Residents on Ambon)
9 Aug 1810 - 15 Aug
1810 Christopher Cole (commander)
(b. 1770 - d. 1836)
15 Aug 1810 - Feb? 1811 Charles
Foote (governor)
(b. 1780 - d. 1811)
Feb? 1811 - Apr 1812
M.H. Court
(resident on Banka Island Jul
1813 - Dec 1816)
1812 - 8 Apr 1815
David Forbes
(d. 1815)
May 1815 - 2 Apr 1817
Serjeant (Sergeant) (acting)
© Ben Cahoon
Source
No comments:
Post a Comment